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IntroductionToNetworks-LabWorkThis page lists the curriculum references and titles of all Introduction to Networking Hands-on Labs and Class Activities. Diagram descriptions and accessibility modifications are included where required.Embedded Packet Tracer activities, Interactive activities, and Syntax Checker activities are not accessible and are therefore not included on this page unless an accessible alternate activity has been developed.Unless provided on this page, refer to the course curriculum for the full text of each lab and activity.Please note that this page is currently being redeveloped and some content will continue to be uploaded and/or changed over the next few weeks - 10 June 2015Chapter 1: Exploring the network1.0.1.2: Class Activity - Draw Your Concept of the InternetAccessibility modification: 1.1.1.8: Lab - Researching Network Collaboration ToolsThe diagrams associated with this lab are described within the lab text. 1.2.3.3 Lab – Researching converged Network ServicesThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this lab. 1.3.1.3 Lab - Mapping the InternetThe instructions for the accessible portions of this lab are given on this page to provide context for the numerous descriptions of command line output graphics in the original lab. ObjectivesPart 1: Test Network Connectivity Using Ping BackgroundRoute tracing computer software is a utility that lists the networks data has to traverse from the users originating end device to a distant destination network. Or Route tracing utilities allow a user to determine the path or routes as well as the delay across an IP network. Several tools exist to perform this function. The displayed list can help identify data flow problems when trying to access a service such as a website. It can also be useful when performing tasks such as downloading data. If there are multiple websites (mirrors) available for the same data file, one can trace each mirror to get a good idea of which mirror would be the fastest to use. Two trace routes between the same source and destination conducted some time apart may produce different results. This is due to the "meshed" nature of the interconnected networks that comprise the Internet and the Internet Protocols ability to select different pathways over which to send packets. Command-line-based route tracing tools are usually embedded with the operating system of the end device. Other tools, such as VisualRoute™, are proprietary programs that provide extra information. VisualRoute uses available online information to graphically display the route. This lab assumes the installation of VisualRoute. If the computer you are using does not have VisualRoute installed, you can download the program using the following link: http://www.visualroute.com/download.html ScenarioUsing an Internet connection, you will use three route tracing utilities to examine the Internet pathway to destination networks. This activity should be performed on a computer that has Internet access and access to the command line. First, you will use the Windows embedded tracert utility. Second, you will use a web-based traceroute tool (http://www.subnetonline.com/pages/network-tools/online- traceroute.php). Finally, you will use the VisualRoute traceroute program. Required Resources1 PC (Windows 7, Vista, or XP with Internet access) Part 1: Test Network Connectivity Using PingStep 1: Determine whether the remote server is reachable. To trace the route to a distant network, the PC used must have a working connection to the Internet.
Ping statistics for 23.2.128.170:
C:\>ping www.afrinic.net
C:\>ping www.ripe.net
C:\>ping lacnic.net Part 2: Trace a Route to a Remote Server Using TracertStep 1: Determine what route across the Internet traffic takes to the remote server.
C:\>tracert www.cisco.com 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.100.13 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms dip-202-72-135-9.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.9 ] 3 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.99.99.5 4 2 ms 1 ms 2 ms dip-202-72-135-5.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.5] 5 53 ms 9 ms 20 ms gi0-1.edge.qv1.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.191.210] 6 6 ms 2 ms 4 ms 203.215.4.204 7 175 ms 141 ms 146 ms ae6-10.cr1.per2.on.ii.net [150.101.33.90] 8 161 ms 171 ms 137 ms ae0.cr1.per1.on.ii.net [150.101.33.12] 9 140 ms 141 ms 140 ms te0-3-0.cor1.per1.on.ii.net [150.101.33.99] 10 * 154 ms * po0-3-0.bdr1.sin1.on.ii.net [203.16.211.229] 11 * * * Request timed out. 12 * * 203 ms pos0-7-0-1.br1.nrt1.on.ii.net [203.16.211.5] 13 225 ms 250 ms 249 ms 20940.tyo.equinix.com [203.190.230.22] 14 152 ms 141 ms 142 ms a23-2-128-170.deploy.static.akamaitechnologies.com [23.2.128.170] Trace complete. b. Save the tracert output in a text file as follows: Routes traced can go through many hops and a number of different Internet Service Providers (ISPs), depending on the size of your ISP and the location of the source and destination hosts. Each “hop” represents a router. A router is a specialized type of computer used to direct traffic across the Internet. Imagine taking an automobile trip across several countries using many highways. At different points in the trip you come to a fork in the road in which you have the option to select from several different highways. Now further imagine that there is a device at each fork in the road that directs you to take the correct highway to your final destination. That is what a router does for packets on a network. Because computers talk in numbers, rather than words, routers are uniquely identified using IP addresses (numbers with the format x.x.x.x). The tracert tool shows you what path through the network a packet of information takes to reach its final destination. The tracert tool also gives you an idea of how fast traffic is going on each segment of the network. Three packets are sent to each router in the path, and the return time is measured in milliseconds. Now use this information to analyze the tracert results to www.cisco.com. Below is the entire traceroute: C:\>tracert www.cisco.com Tracing route to e144.dscb.akamaiedge.net [23.2.128.170] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.100.13 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms dip-202-72-135-9.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.9 ] 3 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.99.99.5 4 69 ms 120 ms 120 ms dip-202-72-135-5.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.5] 5 16 ms 27 ms 3 ms gi0-1.edge.qv1.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.191.210] 6 17 ms 11 ms 3 ms 203.215.4.204 7 107 ms 181 ms 155 ms ae6-10.cr1.per2.on.ii.net [150.101.33.90] 8 90 ms 47 ms 61 ms ae0.cr1.per1.on.ii.net [150.101.33.12] 9 140 ms 143 ms 153 ms te0-3-0.cor1.per1.on.ii.net [150.101.33.99] 10 * 140 ms * po0-3-0.bdr1.sin1.on.ii.net [203.16.211.229] 11 * * * Request timed out. 12 * * 140 ms pos0-7-0-1.br1.nrt1.on.ii.net [203.16.211.5] 13 163 ms 147 ms 151 ms 20940.tyo.equinix.com [203.190.230.22] 14 147 ms 143 ms 155 ms a23-2-128-170.deploy.static.akamaitechnologies.com [23.2.128.170] Trace complete. Here is the breakdown
Consider the first line of tracing route e. There is an Internet tool known as whois. The whois tool allows us to determine who owns a domain name. A web-based whois tool is found at http://whois.domaintools.com/. To summarize, Internet traffic starts at a home PC and travels through the home router (hop 1). It then connects to the ISP and travels through its network (hops 2-7) until it arrives at the remote server (hop 8).This is a relatively unusual example in which there is only one ISP involved from start to finish. It is typical to have two or more ISP involved as displayed in the following examples. f. Now examine an example that involves Internet traffic crossing multiple ISPs. Below is the tracert for www.afrinic.net: C:\Users>tracert www.afrinic.net Tracing route to www.afrinic.net [196.216.2.136] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.100.13 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms dip-202-72-135-9.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.9 ] 3 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.99.99.5 4 132 ms 58 ms 46 ms dip-202-72-135-5.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.5 ] 5 3 ms 3 ms 2 ms gi0-1.edge.qv1.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.191.210 ] 6 2 ms 1 ms 2 ms 203.215.4.204 7 4 ms 5 ms 1 ms ae6-10.cr1.per2.on.ii.net [150.101.33.90] 8 2 ms 3 ms 3 ms ae0.cr1.per1.on.ii.net [150.101.33.12] 9 314 ms 313 ms 314 ms te0-3-0.cor1.per1.on.ii.net [150.101.33.99] 10 * * * Request timed out. 11 288 ms 295 ms 286 ms gi0-0-5.bdr1.lon1.on.ii.net [203.16.211.101] 12 290 ms * 287 ms te0-3-1-0.core1b-dock.isnet.net [195.66.224.198] 13 526 ms 504 ms 486 ms core1b-pkl-pos-0-0-5-0.ip.isnet.net [168.209.201 .62] 14 481 ms 483 ms 487 ms csw4-pkl-gi1-1.ip.isnet.net [196.26.0.101] 15 457 ms 457 ms 460 ms 196.37.155.180 16 * 519 ms 487 ms fa1-0-1.ar02.jnb.afrinic.net [196.216.3.132] 17 556 ms 458 ms 458 ms 196.216.2.136 Trace complete. Question.What happens at hop 7? Is ii.net the same ISP as hops 2-6, or a different ISP? Use the whois tool to answer this question. Question.What happens in hop 9 to the amount of time it takes for a packet to travel between hop 8 – 9, as compared with earlier hops. Question.What happens in hop 15? Do a whois lookup on 196.37.155.180 using the whois tool. Who owns this network? g. Type tracert www.lacnic.net. C:\Users>tracert lacnic.net Tracing route to lacnic.net [200.3.14.10] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.100.13 2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms dip-202-72-135-9.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.9 ] 3 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 10.99.99.5 4 14 ms 5 ms 5 ms dip-202-72-135-5.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.135.5] 5 32 ms 27 ms 4 ms gi0-1.edge.qv1.wa.westnet.com.au [202.72.191.210] 6 4 ms 3 ms * 203.215.4.206 7 2 ms 4 ms * ae6-10.cr1.per1.on.ii.net [150.101.33.92] 8 38 ms 35 ms 39 ms ae1.cr1.adl6.on.ii.net [150.101.33.36] 9 300 ms 296 ms * ae4.br1.syd7.on.ii.net [150.101.33.34] 10 86 ms 66 ms 92 ms ae0.br1.syd4.on.ii.net [150.101.33.14] 11 291 ms 288 ms * te0-1-1-2.br2.lax1.on.ii.net [203.16.213.190] 12 315 ms 288 ms 295 ms te0-1-0.bdr1.iad1.on.ii.net [203.16.213.186] 13 405 ms 267 ms 261 ms xe-2-0-0-0.border-a.ash.ctbc.com.br [206.126.236 .205] 14 486 ms 488 ms 488 ms xe-1-3-2-0.core-a.ula001.ctbc.com.br [201.48.45.210] 15 431 ms 436 ms 435 ms et-5-0-0-0.core-b.ula001.ctbc.com.br [201.48.44.6] 16 486 ms * 486 ms ae3-0.core-b.spo511.ctbc.com.br [201.48.44.14] 17 523 ms 485 ms 483 ms xe-0-1-0-0.edge-c.spo511.ctbc.com.br [201.48.44.93] 18 450 ms 446 ms 442 ms xe-0-0-2.537.gw1.nu.registro.br [187.32.53.69] 19 473 ms 521 ms 471 ms xe-5-0-1-0.core1.nu.registro.br [200.160.0.166] 20 464 ms 456 ms 453 ms ae0-0.ar3.nu.registro.br [200.160.0.249] 21 483 ms 486 ms 495 ms gw01.lacnic.registro.br [200.160.0.212] 22 480 ms 472 ms 548 ms 200.3.12.36 23 533 ms 627 ms 578 ms www.lacnic.net [200.3.14.10] Trace complete. Question. What happens in hop 7? Part 3: Trace a Route to a Remote Server Using Web-Based and Software ToolsThe web based and software tools are gives graphical representation of tool which are not accessible and cannot be accessed using NVDA. 1.4.4.3 Lab - Researching IT and Network Job opportunitiesThe diagrams associated with this lab are described within the lab text. 1.5.1.1 Class Activity - Draw Your Concept of the Internet NowAccessibility modification: Chapter 2: Configuring a network operating system2.0.1.2 Class Activity - It is Just an Operating SystemThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. 2.1.4.9 Lab - Establishing a Console session with Tera TermThe topology is a switch connected with a console cable to a PC. 2.3.3.4 Lab – Building a Simple NetworkThe topology is two switches and two PCs. 2.3.3.5 Lab - Configuring a Switch Management AddressThe topology is a switch and a PC. Interface F0/6 of the switch is connected with an Ethernet cable to the PC. Chapter 3: Network Protocols and Communications3.0.1.2 Class Activity - Let's just talk about this...There are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. 3.2.3.6 Lab - Researching Networking StandardsThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this lab. 3.2.4.7 Lab - Researching RFCsThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this lab. 3.3.3.4 Lab - Using Wireshark to View Network TrafficThis lab is currently not accessible. It will be rewritten to reference T-Shark instead of WireShark. 3.4.1.1 Class Activity - Guaranteed to Work InstructorThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. Chapter 4: Network Access4.0.1.2 Class Activity - Let Me Tell You What I Heard at a Conference (Managing the Medium)There are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. 4.1.2.4 Lab - Identifying Network Devices and CablingThis lab is not accessible in an online environment. 4.2.2.7 Lab - Building an Ethernet Crossover CableThis lab is not accessible. 4.2.4.6 Lab - Viewing Wired and Wireless NIC InformationThe diagrams associated with this lab are described within the lab text. 4.5.1.1 Class Activity - Linked In!This lab includes the floor plan of a small business that’s shows eleven offices and meeting rooms. Chapter 5: Ethernet5.0.1.2 Activity - Join My Social Circle!There are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. 5.1.3.6 Lab - Viewing Network Device MAC AddressesThe topology is one router labelled R1, one switch labelled S1, and one PC labelled PC-A. 5.1.4.3 Lab - Using Wireshark to Examine Ethernet FramesThis lab is currently not accessible. It will be rewritten to reference T-Shark instead of WireShark. 5.2.1.8 Lab - Observing ARP with the Windows CLI, IOS CLI, and WiresharkThe topology is one router labelled R1, two switches labelled S1 and S2, and two PCs labelled PC-A and PC-B. 5.3.1.10 Lab - Using IOS CLI to View the Switch MAC Address TableThe topology is one router labelled R1, two switches labelled S1 and S2, and two PCs labelled PC-A and PC-B. 5.4.1.1 Class Activity - MAC and Choose … Explain basic switching concepts.There are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. Chapter 6: Network Layer6.0.1.2 Class Activity - The Road Less TraveledThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. 6.2.2.8 Lab - View Host Routing TablesThe topology is a cloud icon connected to a router labelled Default Gateway. The router is connected to a PC. 6.3.1.9 Lab - Exploring Router Physical CharacteristicsThe topology is a router connected with a console cable to a PC. 6.4.3.5 Lab - Building a Switch and Router NetworkThe topology is one router labelled R1, one switch labelled S1, and two PCs, one labelled PC-A, and one labelled PC-B. 6.5.1.1 Class Activity - Can You Read This Map?This activity is based on using Cisco Packet Tracer which is inaccessible. D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 192.168.0.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.0.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1 Chapter 7: Transport Layer7.0.1.2 Class Activity - We Need to Talk - GameThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity. 7.2.1.8 Lab - Using Wireshark to Observe the TCP 3-Way HandshakeThis lab is currently not accessible. It will be rewritten to reference T-Shark instead of WireShark. 7.2.3.5 Lab - Using Wireshark to Examine a UDP DNS CaptureThis lab is currently not accessible. It will be rewritten to reference T-Shark instead of WireShark. 7.2.4.3 Lab - Using Wireshark to Examine FTP and TFTP CapturesThis lab is currently not accessible. It will be rewritten to reference T-Shark instead of WireShark. 7.3.1.1 Class Activity - We Need to Talk, Again - GameThere are no topologies or diagrams associated with this activity.
Chapter 8: IP Addressing
Chapter 9: Subnetting IP Networks
Chapter 10: Application Layer
Chapter 11: It’s a Network
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